Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

328 A1·ts ашl Cгafts iп tЪе l\Iiddle Ages

wiles of the Devil; as tЬс antiчнaгius eopies tЬе \vo1·d of Christ, so шаnу \Vouпds clocs hc iпflict нроп Satan. \Vhat he ,vгites in l1is ccll \Yill Ьс caпied fаг and widc оvег distant proviпces. Man шultiplies the \Vord of Heavcn: if I may dare so to speak, the thrcc fingeгs of Ьis гigЬt hand are шаdе to гcprcseпt thc нtterances of tЬе Holy Tгinity. The fast tгavelling recd ,vгites do,Yn tl1c holy ,voгds, thus avcnging tЬе шalicc of the wicked one, \Vho causcd а гсеd to Ье нsed to sшite the head of thc Savioш." "\Vl1en tЬе scriptoriшn ,vas consccшted, tЬese \Vords were used (and thcy \vould Ье шost fittiпg ,vords to-day, iп the consecration of libraгies ш class rooms wЬich arc to Ье dcvoted to religious study): "Vouchsafc, О, Loгd, to Ыcss this ,vогk1·оош of tЬу seгvants, that all \vhich tЬеу \v1·itc tl1eгcin шау Ьс compгehcnded Ьу their intelligeпce, апd гealizcd Ьу thciг ,voгk." Scrip­ toriшn \VOI'k ,yas coнsicleгcd equal to lаЬош in the fields. In tЬе Rule of St. Feгeol, in thc sixth century, the1·e is this claнse: " Нс ,vho doth not turn up the earth with his plougЬ, ought to ,,yгitc tl1e parchmcnt with his fingeгs." The Capitнlary of Chaгleшagnc contains this phгase: " Do поt peгmit your scribes or pнpils, either in readiпg ог ,vriting, to garЬle tl1e text; when you ai·e prepai·ing copies of the Gospcls, the Psaltcr, or the Missal, sce that t,he ,voгk is confided to шеn of mature age, who ,vill ,vгite \vith dне саге." Some of tl1e scгibes wеге prolific book tгanscгibcrs. Jacob · of Вгеslан, ,Yho died in 1 180, copicd so many books that