Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

318 Arts and Crafts in tl1e Middle Ages

craft to his numerous accomplishшents, although it is рrоЬаЫе that his works геsешЫеd thc gгaffiti and inlaid work гatl1er than the шosaics composed of cubes of smalt. At the Monastery of :Мonte Cassino in the eleventl1 century was an interesting personality, - the АЬЬе Didier, its Sнрегiог. АЬонt 1066 he brought woгkers from Constantinople, ,vho decoгated the apse and walls of the basilica under Ьis direction. At the same tiшe, he cstaЫished а sclюol at the monastery, and tl1e young meшbers wеге instгucted in the arts and cгafts of шosaic апd inlay, and tl1e illнmiпatioп of books. Gгeek in­ fluence ,vas thus carгied into Italy t11l'ough Мопtе Cassino. In the twelfth century tЬе celebгated Suger of St. Denis decorated опе of the poгches of his chuгch \Yith шosaic, in sшalt, marЫcs, and gold; animal and huшan forшs wеге introduced in the orпament. But this may not lшve been work actually cxecнted on thc spot, fOl' anotl1eг narratOl' tells нs that Sugeг broнght lюme fгош Italy, on one of Ьis journeys, а шosaic, ,vhich \Yas placed оvег tl1e doo1· at St. Denis; as it is по longe1· iп its position, it is not easy to determine ,vЬich accouпt is correct. The mosaics at St. Mark's in Venice were chiefly the woгk of two centuries and а half. Gгeek aгtists wеге eшployed in the main, bringing their own tesserre and marЫes. In 1204 there ,vas special activity in this line, at the time ,vЬen tl1e Venetians took Constantinople. Afteг this, ап estaЫisl1ment for making the smalts and