Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

Inlay and Mosaic

317

\vhich has been reported as Ьeing as " brilliant as tЬе sac1·ed \vaters." Iп tЬе eightl1 centuгy а magnificent achievement ,vas accoшplished in tЬс monasteгy of Centula, in Pi­ cardie, but all tгaces of tl1is Ьаvе been lost, for the con­ vent was buгnt in 1131. The eighth was поt an active ceпtury f 01' the ai·ts, for iп 726 Leo's edict was sent forth, prohiЬiting all fol'ms of image woгship, and at а Council at Constantinople in 754 it was decided that all icono­ gгaphic 1·epгesentatioв and all use of syшbols (except in the Sacrameпt) ,vere Ыasphemous. Idolat1·ous шonu­ шents wеге destгoyed, and tl1e iconoclasts continued tЬei1· devastations until the death of Theophilus in 842. Foгtunatcly this ,vave of zeal ,vas checked befo1·e the dcst1·uction of tl1e шosaics in RaYenпa and Rome, but vегу few specimeпs sшvivcd in Fгапсе. In the ninth сепtuгу а gгeat many iшportaпt monu­ ments were added, and а majOI'ity of tЬе шosaics which may still Ье seen, date f1·ош that tiшe: they are not fi1·st in quality, however, although tl1ey are шаге пumerous. Afte1· this, there ,vas а peгiod of inaпitioп, in this art as in all otЬers, \Vhile thc pseнdo-pгophets awaited thc ending of the world. After the уеаг 1000 had passed, and the astonished people found that they ,vere still alive, and tЬat the \Yoгld appeai·ed as staЫe as f01·merly, interest began to revive, and tl1e ne,v Ьiгth of a1·t pгo­ duced some significant examplcs in the field of шosaic. There ,vas some activity in Gcrшany, f01· а time, tЬе versatile Bishop Be1·nwai·d of HildesЬeim adding this