Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

288 A1·ts авd C1·afts iн the Middle Ages

IvOl'y handles "vere нsнаl for the fly-fan, ог flabellum, used at tl1e altar, to keep flies and otl1eг insects a,vay fгom the Elements. Ове entry in an inventoгy in 1429 migl1t Ье confusi11g if опе did not kno,v of this cнstom: the aгticle is шentioncd as " one mнscifugiшn de pecock" meaning а fly-faп of peacock's feathers ! Sшall round ivoгy boxes elaboгately scпlptшed ,vere used both for Reseгving the Host and fог containiпg relics. In the inventoгy of the Chшch of St. Магу Hill, London, ,vas mentioned, in tЬе fifteeпth centшy, "а lytill yvory cofyr with гelyks." At Dшham, in 1383, thcre is an ассош1t of an " ivory casket contciпing а vestment of St. John the Baptist," апd in the foшtceпtl1 centшy, in the sаше collectioп, ,vas '' а tootl1 of St. Geпdнlplшs, good fo1· the Falliпg Sickness, iп а sшall ivory рух." Ivo1·y miпor backs lent themselves well to decOl'a­ tions of а more secнlar паtше: tЬesc arc ofteп caiтed with the Siege of tl1e Castle of Love, апd ,vith scenes fгom tl1e old Rошапсеs; toшnaments ,vсге vегу роµнlаг, witЬ ladies in balcoпies abovc peltiпg tl1c l1eroes ,vitl1 roses as largc as tЬemselvcs, ancl tЬе tнtог Aгistotle ' 1 playiпg hoгse " ,vas а gгeat favoшite. Little clopc­ шcnts on l10гseback wcI'e very much likcd, too, as sнb­ jects; sometimes ro,vs of heгocs оп steeds appear, staпd­ ing uпde1·\viпdo,vs, froш ,vЬich, iп а шost \vl10lcsale ,vay, ,vlюlc nunпeгies 01· boai·ding-schools sееш to Ье desceпd­ iпg to fly ,vith tЬеш. One of tЬese шirтогs s110,vs Нuоп of Boпleaux playiпg at chess with tl1e king's claнgl1tel':