Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

Sculptш·e in Stone

221

b1·ought ,vith them а шighty sшith, Paul the Deacon, who had mнch skill with the hашmег. When these п1dе Norsemen found themselves among tl1e �sthetic tl'easшes of Byzantium, and saw the faiг Italian mагЫеs, and the stately work of Tl1eodoric and Justinian, they \\ т еге inflamed with zeal fOI' artistic exp1·ession, and began to hew and carve rough but spirited foгms out of the Pisan and Cai·raгa stones. The animals which they sculptured were, as Ruskin has said, " all alive: hung1y and fierce, wild, witl1 а life-like spring." Thc Byzantine work was quiescent: the designs formal, decent, and monнmental. But the Loшbards threw into thei1· woгk their o,vn restless eneгgy, and some of their crнelty and relentlessness. Qucen Theodolinda, in her palace at Monza, encouгaged the aгts; it was because of her appreciative coшprehension of sнch things that St. GregOI'y sent her tl1e famous Iгon Cro,vn, of which а dcscription has Ьееп giveп, on tl1e occasion of the baptism of l1e1· son. Uncleг the influence of these subsequently civilized barbaгians many of thc gгeatest specimens of caгving in NогtЬ Italy came into beiпg. The most delightfнl little stнmpy saints and sacгed emЫem's шау Ье foнnd on tl1e fa<;adc of St. Michele at Pavia, and also at Lucca, and on tl1e Baptistery at Parma. The sculptoг who produced these ,vorks at Parma was а very interesting cгaftsman, naшed Ante­ laшi. His Descent from the Cгoss is one of the most striking pieces of еагlу scнlptuгc befоге the Pisani. Не lived in the t,velfth centuгy. Tl1e figшes are of V