Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

96 Arts and Crafts in the Middle Ages

" adapt their pieces of gold in all the settings in which the glass gems are to Ье placed" (Ьу which we see that he teaches the cloisonne method). " Cut small bands of exceedingly thin gold," he continues, " in which you will bend and fashion whatever work you wish to make in enamel, wЬether circles, knots, or small flo,vers, 01· Ьirds, or aniшals, or figures." Не then admonishes one to solder it with greatest care, two or three times, until all the pieces adhere firm]y to the plate. То ргераrе the powdered glass TЬeophilus advises placing а piece of glass in the fire, and, when it has Ьесоше glowing, " thгow it into а copper vessel in which there is water, and it instantly flies into small fragmeпts which you Ьгеаk with а гоuпd pestle until qнite fine. The next step is to put the powder in its destined cloisoп, and to place the whole jewel upon а thin piece of iron, over which fits а cover to pгotect the enamel fгom t.he coals, and put it in the most intensely hot part of the fire." Theophilus recommends that this little iron соvег Ье " perforated finely all over so that the lюles may Ье inside flat and wide, and outside finer and rough, in orde1· to stop the cinders if Ьу chance they should fall проn it." This process of fiгing may have to Ье repeated several times, until the enamel fills eve1·y space evenly. ТЬеп follows the tedioнs task of bщпishing; setting tЬс jewel in а strong Ьit of wax, you аге told to rнЬ it оп а " smooth hard bone," until it is polished ,vell and cvenly. Benvenuto Cellini recommends а little paper sponge