Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

Illuшiпation of Books

347

chal'acteгs а1·с always гepl'eseвted as l1aving laгge hooked noses, wl1ich fact testifies to tl1e dislike of tЬе Nortl1eгn races for the Italians апсl Soнtheгn peoples. Thc thirteenth and foшtcenth centшies may Ье considered to staвd fог the " Golden Age " of miniatшe al't in all the cotшtries of Ешоре. In Eпglaвd and France especially the illшninated books of tЬе tЬi1ieeпth centшy wеге шarvels of delicatc ,vork, among whicЬ the Tenison Psaltcr and tЬе Psalter of Queen Mary, both iв tlш Bгitish Mнseum, аге excellent examples. Queen Магу's Psaltel' ,vas not гeally painted fог Qнeen Ма1·у; it vvas executed t,vo centшies ea1·lier. But it ,vas being sent abl'oad in 15.53, and was seized Ьу tЬе Cнstoms. Tl1ey гefuscd to allo,v it to pass. After,vaгds it ,vas presented to Queeв Магу. At this time gгe,v up а most bcautifнl and decoгative style, known as " ivy pattcm," consisting of little gl'ace­ ful Ao,vering spгays, witl1 tiny i vy Icaves in gold and coloшs. ТЬе Gothic feeling prevails in this motivc, апсl tЬе foliatc forms аге fнll of spined cusps. The effect of а book decorated in the i vy pattcrn, is radiant апd je\\"elled as the pages tшn, and the bшnishing of the gold was brought to its full регfection at tllis time. The value of the с1·еашу suгfacc of the vellum was l'ecog­ nized as part of the colour scheme. vVith tЬе high polish of tl1e gold it ,vas necessary to use always the stl'oнg crнde coloшs, as the dнller tints woнld appear faded Ьу contrast. In the late1· stages of the агt, when а greater rcalism was attempted, and better dra\\'ing had

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