Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

CHAPTER Х

INLAY AND l\IOSAIC

ТнЕRЕ al'e three kinds of iпlay, one vvl1ere the pattem is inciscd, апd а plastie filling pressed in, and allo,Yed to haгden, on the pгiпciple of а пiello; aпothel', ,vЬегс both the piece to Ье sct in and the backgгotшd а1·е cut опt separately; and а thil'd, ,Yhe1·e а пumber of sшall Ьits are fitted together as in а mosaic. The раУсшепt iп Siena is an example of the fiгst process. The seeond proeess is often aceomplished ,vith а fiпe sa\\', like ,vl1at is popularly kno\\ r n as а jig Sa\v, cutting tЬе same patte1·n in light апd dark ,vood, опе laycr оvег anothcr; the daгk ean then Ье set into tl1e light, and tl1e light iп the daгk ,vithoнt more tЬап onc eнtting fог botl1. The mosaic of small pieces ean Ье seen in any of the Soutbeгn chuгchcs, and, iпdeed, no,v in nea1·ly every count1·y. It ,vas the chief \vall tгeatшent of the middle ages. About thc уеаг 764, Maestгo Giudetto oгnamented the delightfu] Churel1 of St. :Мiehe]c at Lнсса. This \\'ork, or at ]east the best of it, is а proeession of varioнs little partly heraldic and partly gгotesque animals, jn­ laid ,vith ,vhite mагЫе on а gгound of green seгpentine. They are full of the best expгession of шediшval art. 296