Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

Sculptш·e in Stone

253

а drawiпg board might Ьс firmly placed on the statue." Only such cuttiпg a,vay as \Yas actually necessary was cncoшaged; thc figure ,vas usually 1·epгesented as put­ t,iлg tЬе eaгthly poweгs beneatЬ Ьis feet, ,vblle angels шinisteгed at his head. St. Louis ordered а crown of thorпs to Ье placed on his head wheп he \Vas dying, анd the c1·own of France placcd at his feet. The little niches around the tombs, in ,vhich usually stood figures of saints, we1·e called " hovels." It is aшнsing to leam tЬis to-day, \Yith ош long estaЫisЬed association of the "'ord with poverty and squalo1·. Henry VII. left diгcctions fог tЬе design of his tomb. Among otЬer stipulations, it was to Ье adomed with " yшages " of his pat1·on saints " of copper and gilte." Неnгу tЬen " calls and e1·ies " to his guardian saints апd dirccts that thc tomb shall Ьаvе" а grate, iп mаппеr of а closшe, of coper ашl gilte," wЬicl1 was added Ьу English craftsmen. Insidc this grille iп the early days was ап altar, eoпtaining а нniqнe relic, - а leg of St. George. Sculpture апd all оtЬег clecorative arts reaehed their нltimatum in England аЬонt tl1e time of the coпstruc­ tion of Нешу VII.'s clшpel at \Vestminster. ТЬе foнndation stone was laid in 1502, Ьу Henry himsclf. Of the inte1·esting moпuments and earvings contained in it, the most �eautiful is tl1e celebrated b1·onze figшe Ьу Torregiano on tl1e tomb of thc kiпg and qнeen, whicl1 ,vas desigпed during tЬеiг lives. To1тegiano was Ьот in 1470, апd died in 1522, so he is not quite а medireval