Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

Sculpture iп Stoпe

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In 1321 thc g1·eatest medireYal craftsman in England ,vas Alan de "\Yalsingham, wlю bнilt the gгcat octagon fl'om ,vhicl1 Ely dei·iyrs its chicf сЬагасtеr among Eng­ lisl1 catl1edгals. Iп а fourtceпth сепtшу manuscгipt in tЬе Brit,isl1 l\fнsепш is а tгibute to him, wЬich is thнs tгaпslated Ьу Dеап Stпbbs (поw Вislюp of Tгuro):

" А Sacrist good and Prior benign, А builder l1e of genius fine: The flower of ci·aftsшen, Alan, Prior, Now lying entombed before the choir . . . And wl1en, one night, tl1e old tower fell, This ne,v one l1e built, ancl mark it well."

This octagoп was erected to. tЬе glшy of God a11d to St. Etl1eldreda, tlю Qureп Abbess of Ely, lпю-ю1 fге­ qпепtlу as St. Awdгy. Aruнпd tЬс basc of the octagoп, at tЪе crests of tЬс gгeat pie1·s ,vl1ich са�ту it, Pгiol' Аlап liad carved the Deecls of the Saint iп а seгies of decorative bosses ,vblch deserve close stнdy. The sсепе of Ьег шапiаgе, l1ег subsequeпtly taking tЬе veil at Coldingham, апd tl1e vaгioнs miracles оvег ,vhich she pгcsided, teгmiпate iп the cleatЬ and " chestiпg" of tl1e saint. Tl1is a11cieпt teгm is vегу literal, as tl1e body ,vas placed iп а stoпe coffin above the grouпd, and t,heгefore the vYoгd " bшial" would Ье incoгrect. ТЬе tomb of Qнееп Eleano1· iп "\Vcstminster is of РшЬесk шагЫе, tгeated iп tl1e stylc of Soпthcш sculp­ ture, beiпg cut in thin slabs апd enrichcd with lo,v relief ornamentatioп. Tl1e recumbeпt effigy is in Ьго11zе, апd was cast, as has been stated, Ьу Maste1· William