Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

Sculptш·e ш Stone

229

Byzantinc inflнenccs ,Ycrc felt, а defiпitc school of sculptшc ,vas fоппеd in Fгance; almost at once they seized on the bcst clcmeпts of the cгaft апd abandoпed the ,vortblcss, апd the g1·eat note of а пatioпal art ,vas struck in tЬе figшes at Chartt·cs, Paгis, Rheiшs, анd othe1· cathedrals of the Пс de France. Prior to tllis flowcгing of art in Nогthеш Fгапсе, tl1e churchcs of the SонtЬ of France developed а сhагш­ iпg Roшaпesquc of tЬeir о,vп, а little differeпt fгош that in Italy. А шonk naшed Tutilon, of tl1c шопаstегу of St. Gall, was ашопg the шost famous sculptшs of tЬе Roшaпcsque pcriod. Aпother паше is that of Hнghes, Abbot of Moпtier-e11-De1·. At thc епd of tl1e teпth century one l\Iorard, undeг thc patroпage of Kiпg Robeгt, built and ornamentcd the Church of St. Germain dcs Pres, Paгis, while Guillaumc, an Abbot at Dijoп, was at the head of the wшks of foгty шonasteгies. Guillaшne рrоЬаЫу had almost as ,vide ап iпfluence upon F1·ench a1·t as St. Be1·шva1·d liad on thc Geпnan, or Nicola Pisano on that of Italy. In Metz ,verc t,vo noted aгchitects, Adelaгd and Goпtгan, ,vho superiп­ tended the building of foшtecn сЬшсl1еs, апd ап еагlу cl1ronicler says tl1at thc expcnsc ,vas so gгcat that " the iшpeгial tгеаsшу ,vould scai·ce have sufficed fш it." At Arles аге two of the most faшous 11101нш1е11ts of Romanesque art, the poгches of St. Trophime, and of St. Gilles. The latter exhiЬits almost classical fecliпg and influencc; the fo1·mer is much Ыunter and more Byzantine; both агс highly iпteresting for purposes