Искусства и ремесла Средневековья

164 A1·ts and C1·afts in tl1e Middle Ages

Ье аЫе to find. I shall have to contcnt шyself with sending you the best that I can procure ! " In 992 the АЬЬеу of Croyland, in England, o,vned " two large foot cloths woven ,vitl1 lioпs, to Ье laid before thc lligh altai· on great festivals, ancl t,vo shorter ones tгailcd all over with flo,vers, for the feast days of tЪе Apostles." Under Chшcl1 auspices in the t\\'elfth centшy, the tapestгy indпst.ry rose to its most splcndid pcrfcction. ,vьen the secula1· looms were staгted, tl1e Ol'iginal Ьеанtу of the woгk ,vas гetained f01· а consideraЫe tiшe; iп the tentl1 century Gcrman craftsmen ,vorked as indi­ viduals, indcpendeпtly of Guilds or Ol'ganizatioш,. In the thirteenth century the \YOI'k ,vas iп а flourishing condition in France, wЬere both looшs \Уе1·е in нsе. ТЬе upright lоош is still used at tl1e Gobelin factory. As an adjunct to the stained glass windows iп churches, there neve1· ,vas а texture mOl'e harmonioнs than good medireval tapestry. In 1260 the best tapestries in France were made Ьу the Church exclusively; in 1461 Кing Rene of Anjoн bequeatl1ed а magnificent tapest1·y in twenty-seven subjects represeпting the Apocalypse, to " the church of l\Ionsieur St. Maнrice," at Angers. Althoпgh tapestry ,vas шаdе in larger quantities during the Renaissance, the medireval designs аге better adapted to the шate1·ial. The royal chambers of tl1e Кings of England were hung with tapestry, and it ,vas the designated duty of the Chamberlain to see to sнch adornment. In 1294